What is HTML?

HTML Stand for Hyper Text Markup Language. It was invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, who worked at CERN for that time period. Tim Berners-Lee wanted to find a way to share information over long distance for researchers. It was even possible to share information but it had limitations.

HTML DOCUMENT STRUCTURE:

<!Doctype>It defines the document type and version of HTML
<HTML>It defines the root element of the document
<head>It contains the details about the document like page title, external source links, author name, etc.
<body>It contains the data which is visible over page to user.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> 
  <head> 
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="Index.css" /> 
    <title>Title</title> 
  </head> 
  <body>
    <h3>Welcome to Codejn</h3>
    <p>Complete HTML Tutorial</p>
  </body>
</html>
Example Explanation
  • <!DOCTYPE html> : In this declaration, defines that it’s html document and using html 5 version.
  • <head> : In this declaration, we defined about page, page title, and external sources like “index.css” to link external CSS (Cascade Style Sheet) for designing.
  • <body> : In this declaration, we declared all the visible content over page.
  • <h3> : In this declaration, we created a heading tag that displays the text “Welcome to Codejn” in an Heading 3 (H3 ) sized.
  • <p> : In this declaration, we created a paragraph tag that displays the text “Complete HTML Tutorial”.
HTML History
Version Year Benefits Limitations
HTML 1.0 1989 Enable Linking of documents using hyperlinks Limited Tag support and no multimedia capabilities.
HTML 2.0 1995 Enable Table, image maps and added support for international character sets that made to display text in different languages. Limited in terms of layout and styling capabilities.
HTML 3.2 1997 Enable to add stylesheet to create consist layout across multiple pages. And enabled support for forms. Still had limitations in layout and styling compared to print designs.
HTML 4.0 1997 Enabled frames, and DOM and upgraded tables and forms Still had limitations in layout and styling compared to print designs.
HTML 4.01 1999 Improved Reliability and consistency. Did not introduce any new feature.
XHTML 1.0 2000 Improved capabilities with XML Required stricter syntax and coding practices.
XHTML 1.1 2001 Same as XHTML 1.1 But Stricter Stricter syntax made it less flexible for web developers
XHTML Basic 1.0 2000 Designed for devices with limited processing power and memory Limited functionality compared to full XHTML
XHTML Basic 1.1 2001 Same as XHTML Basic 1.0, but with more features Still limited compared to full XHTML
HTML5 2014 Multimedia support, improved semantics, and new form elements Backward compatibility issues with older browsers and website
HTML5.1 2016 Improved semantics, accessibility, and security Limited adoption due to slow browser support
HTML5.2 2017 Improved support for accessibility, internationalization, and media Limited adoption due to slow browser support
HTML 5.3 Currently Under Development